What are the Product Types of Cables? What is the Basic Knowledge of Cables?


Bare Conductor Wire
Bare wire and bare conductor products refer to the conductive wire without insulation and sheath. It mainly includes three series of products: bare single wire, bare stranded wire and profile wire.

Copper and aluminum single wire: including soft copper single wire, hard copper single wire, soft aluminum single wire, hard aluminum single wire. Mainly used as a variety of wire and cable semi-products, a small amount of communication wire and motor appliances manufacturing.

Bare stranded wire: including hard copper stranded wire (TJ), hard aluminum stranded wire (LJ), aluminum alloy stranded wire (LHAJ), steel-core aluminum stranded wire (LGJ), mainly used in overhead laying. Soft copper stranded wire (TJR), soft aluminum stranded wire (LJR), mainly used for electrical equipment and electronic appliances or components of the connection. The above specifications of various strands range from 1.0 to 300mm2. Among them, the steel-core aluminum strand (LGJ) specification size with a nominal aluminum cross-section / nominal steel cross-section, is the most commonly used on the distribution lines of a wire, the larger the steel core cross-section the higher the strength of the wire. In addition to ordinary steel-core aluminum strands, there are steel-core aluminum-alloy strands, aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum strand, anticorrosive steel-core aluminum strand, expanded steel-core aluminum strand, times the capacity of the wire, gap type wire, etc.
There are two kinds in common use: steel-core aluminum strand JL/G1A (prototype number LGJ) standard GB/T1179-2008. Aluminum strand JL (prototype number LJ) standard GB/T1179-2008.

Power Cable
Power cables are used to transmit and distribute high-power electrical energy in the backbone of the power system. They include power cables of various voltage levels and various insulation from 1 to 330kV and above. The cross-section is 1.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 10, 16, 25, 35, 50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185, 240, 300, 400, 500, 630, 800mm2, with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3+1 cores.

The main characteristics of such products are extrusion (winding) outside the conductor insulation layer, several cores stranded (corresponding to the phase, zero and ground of the power system), and then adding a sheath layer, such as plastic/rubber wire and cable. The main process technologies are drawing, stranding, insulation extrusion (wrapping), cable formation, armoring, sheathing extrusion, etc. There are certain differences in the different process combinations for various products.

Power cables are divided into low-voltage cables, medium-voltage cables, high-voltage cables, etc. by voltage level. According to the insulation, the situation is divided into plastic insulated cable, rubber insulated cable, mineral insulated cable, etc.

Overhead Insulated Conductors
The main characteristics of such products are extrusion (winding) outside the conductor insulation layer, several cores stranded (corresponding to the phase, zero and ground of the power system), and then adding a sheath layer, such as plastic/rubber wire and cable. The main process technologies are drawing, stranding, insulation extrusion (wrapping), cable, armoring, sheathing extrusion, etc. The different process combinations of various products are somewhat different.
These products are mainly used in power generation, distribution, transmission, transformation, power supply lines in the transmission of strong power, through the current is large (tens of amps to thousands of amps), high voltage (220V to 500kV and above).
Power cables are divided into low-voltage cables, medium-voltage cables, high-voltage cables, and so on according to a voltage level. According to the insulation is divided into plastic insulated cable, rubber insulated cable, mineral insulated cable, etc.

Control Cables
The main features of these products are: similar structure and power cables, and power cables compared to only copper-core cables without aluminum-core cables, conductor cross-section is smaller, the number of cores more.
The main features of these products are a wide variety of specifications, a wide range of applications. Suitable for AC rated voltage 450/750V and below, power stations, substations, mines, petrochemical enterprises, and other single machine control or unit equipment control. To improve the ability of control signal cable against internal and external interference, the main measure is to set shielding layer. Commonly used shielding structure according to the use of different occasions and shielding effect. There are mainly the following structures: copper wire braid shielding (code P), aluminum-plastic composite tape shielding (code P3), copper tape shielding (code P2), total screen sub-screen combination shielding, etc.

Special Cable
Special cables are cables with special features, mainly including flame-retardant cables (ZR), low smoke and low halogen cables (DL), low smoke and halogen-free cables (WL), fire-resistant cables (NH), explosion-proof cables (FB), rodent-proof cables, and termite resistant cables (FS), water-blocking cables (ZS), etc. Special power cable models are filled in before the ordinary model with a special code.
Flame-retardant cables (ZR), low smoke and low halogen cables (DL), low smoke and halogen-free cables (WL) are mainly used for important power and control systems. When the line in case of fire, the cable can only be limited combustion under the action of external flames, the amount of smoke is small, the smoke of harmful gases (halogen) is also very little. When the external flame disappears, the cable can also extinguish itself, so that the fire to human and property damage is reduced to a minimum. Therefore, this kind of cable is widely used in petrochemical, electric power, metallurgy, high-rise buildings, and densely populated and other important places.
Fire-resistant cables (NH) are mainly used for particularly important power and control systems. When the line in case of fire, fire-resistant cable can resist the high temperature of 750 ~ 800 ℃ for more than 90 minutes to ensure the safe delivery of electricity to win sufficient time to extinguish fires and mitigate disasters. Therefore, this kind of cable is widely used in petrochemical, electric power, metallurgy, high-rise buildings, and densely populated and other important places.
In the face of special occasions continue to derive new products, such as fire-resistant cables, flame-retardant cables, low-smoke halogen-free / low-smoke low-halogen cables, termite / rat-proof cables, oil/cold/temperature / wear-resistant cables, irradiated cross-linked cables, etc.
In recent years, with the environment of industrial and civil facilities, the strict control of the impact of primary and secondary disasters after the fire, successively developed fire-resistant, low smoke and low halogen, low smoke, and halogen-free flame retardant control cables. Its structure parameters are basically the same as the conventional control cable. Characteristic parameters and special plastic force cable, the same.

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